摘要： 区块链提供了一个去中心化、不可篡改和可验证的分类账，用于记录数字资产的交易，并保证交易记录的不可篡改性，被广泛应用于教育、政府和医疗等各个领域。然而，区块链的安全性和潜在的隐私问题也成为当前研究的焦点。基于区块链行业的安全现状，探讨了区块链系统存在的问题和威胁；着重分析了区块链安全与隐私保护的前沿技术；最后讨论了区块链技术未来的研究方向。

中图分类号： TP305
文献标识码： A
DOI： 10.19358/j.issn.2096-5133.2021.05.002
引用格式： 张慧茹，汪美荃，李光顺. 区块链安全与隐私保护前沿技术发展现状[J].信息技术与网络安全，2021，40(5)：7-12.

The development status of frontier technology of blockchain security and privacy protection

Abstract： Blockchain provides a decentralized, immutable and verifiable ledger for recording transactions of digital assets and guaranteeing the immutability of transaction records, which is widely used in fields as diverse as education, government and healthcare. However, the security and potential privacy issues of blockchain have also become the focus of current research. Based on the security status of the blockchain industry, the problems and threats of the blockchain system are discussed. The frontier technology of blockchain security and privacy protection is emphatically analyzed. Finally, the future research direction of blockchain technology is discussed.

Key words : blockchain；security；privacy protection；decentralized